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ACUITY: The Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage StrategY Trial:
The PCI Subanalysis

Summary

  • Angiomax® (bivalirudin) results in ACUITY patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were consistent with REPLACE-2 findings1
  • Demonstrated in ACUITY, the largest clinical trial to evaluate ANGIOMAX in patients with moderate- and high-risk acute coronary syndromes (ACS) undergoing an early invasive strategy (N = 13,800)1
  • 56% of patients underwent PCI1
    • 76% of the PCI population had elevated cardiac biomarkers or ST-segment deviation2
    • 27% of the PCI population had diabetes2
  • Proven efficacy with ANGIOMAX alone versus heparin(s) + glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa in preventing ischemic events at 30 days (8.8% vs 8.2%; P = .45)2,3
  • Significant 49% reduction in non-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) major bleeding in the ANGIOMAX alone group vs the heparin(s) + GP IIb/IIIa group (3.5% vs 6.8%; P <.001)2,3

Trial Design

Study Design — First Randomization4

  • Moderate- and high-risk unstable angina (UA) or non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients undergoing an invasive strategy
  • Prospective, randomized, active-controlled trial

*Stratified by preangiography thienopyridine use or administration
Heparin(s) = unfractionated heparin (UFH) or enoxaparin
 NSTEMI = non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; R = randomized
ANGIOMAX monotherapy = ANGIOMAX monotherapy with GP IIb/IIIa reserved for severe breakthrough ischemia and procedural complications during PCI

Major Entry Criteria1,4

Inclusion Criteria

  • Age >18 years
  • Chest pain >10 min within 24 h
  • At least one of:
    • New ST-segment depression or transient elevation >1 mm
    • Troponin I, T, or CKMB↑
    • Documented coronary artery disease
    • Presence of all 4 UA risk criteria
      • Age >65 years
      • Aspirin within the last 7 days
      • >2 angina episodes within 24 h
      • >3 cardiac risk factors: hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, family history of coronary artery disease, diabetes, smoking
  • Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

  • No angiography within 72 h
  • Acute STEMI or shock
  • Bleeding diathesis or major bleed within 2 weeks
  • Platelet count <100,000/mm3
  • INR >1.5 times control
  • CrCl <30 mL/min
  • Abciximab or >2 prior LMWH doses
    • Prior UFH, LMWH (1 dose), eptifibatide and tirofiban were allowed
  • Allergy to study drugs, contrast dye

CKMB = creatine kinase-MB; CrCl = creatinine clearance; INR = international normalized ratio; LMWH = low-molecular-weight heparin; STEMI = ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; UFH = unfractionated heparin.

  • The safety and effectiveness of ANGIOMAX have not been established in patients with ACS who are not undergoing PCI.

Clinical End Points

  • Net clinical outcome
    • Death, myocardial infarction (MI), unplanned revascularization for ischemia or non-CABG major bleeding
  • Composite ischemia
    • Death, MI, or unplanned revascularization for ischemia
  • Non-CABG major bleeding
    • Intracranial, intraocular, or retroperitoneal bleeding
    • Access site bleed requiring intervention/surgery
    • Hematoma >5 cm
    • Hemoglobin (Hgb) >4 g/dL without an overt source
    • Hgb >3 g/dL with an overt source
    • Reoperation for bleeding
    • Any blood transfusions

Baseline Characteristics in PCI Subpopulation2



Heparin(s) +
GP IIb/IIIa
(n = 2,561)
ANGIOMAX
alone
(n = 2,619)
Age (median [range], y) 72.6% 73.3%
Male 63 [25-91] 63 [30-92]
Weight (median [IQR], kg) 84 [73.96] 84 [75.95]
Diabetes 27.5% 27.5%
- Insulin requiring 29.2% 31.1%
Hypertension 65.3% 65.4%
Hyperlipidemia 55.0% 54.9%
Current smoker 30.1% 30.4%
Prior MI 29.7% 30.5%
Prior PCI 38.2% 39.3%
Prior CABG 17.3% 17.9%
Renal insufficiency (CRCI <60 mL/min) 19.0% 17.8%

P = Not significant for all values.

Baseline High-Risk Features2

Heparin(s) +
GP IIb/IIIa
(n = 2,561)
ANGIOMAX
alone
(n = 2,619)
Cardiac biomarkeruparrow (MB or troponin) 65.1% 66.4%
- Troponinuparrow 64.8% 66.2%
ST-segment ∆ >1 mm 35.4% 35.3%
Cardiac biomarkeruparrow or ST-segment ∆ 76.8% 77.0%

Clinical Outcomes

ACUITY 30-day outcomes for PCI subset1,2,3

Heparin(s) = UFH or enoxaparin
Important Bleeding Definitions

* IN THE ACUITY ANGIOMAX-ALONE GROUP: 91% of PCI patients

received ANGIOMAX monotherapy.1

  • Results in the ANGIOMAX + GP llb/llla arm (n = 2,609) vs heparin(s) + GP IIb/IIIa2

    —Net clinical outcome, 14.9% (P = .10)
    —Composite ischemia, 9.3% (P = .16)
    —Major bleed, 7.5% (P = .32)

Safety

ANGIOMAX Reduces Bleeding Regardless of Scale

  • On both the ACUITY and TIMI scales, ANGIOMAX resulted in significantly less bleeding than heparin(s) + GP IIb/IIIa
  • Significant 49% reduction in non-CABG major bleeding in the ANGIOMAX alone group vs the heparin(s) + GP IIb/IIIa group(3.5% vs 6.8%; P <.001)2,3

ACUITY 30-Day Bleeding Outcomes in PCI Subset2,3

Heparin(s) +
GP IIb/IIIa
(n = 2,561)
ANGIOMAX
alone
(n = 2,619)
P value
ACUITY scale*
- Major, non-CABG 6.8% 3.5% <.001
- Minor, non-CABG 26.0% 14.9% <.001
TIMI scale*
- Major 2.3% 0.8% <.001
- Minor 7.5% 4.2% <.001
Transfusion, non-CABG 3.0% 1.7% .002

*Important Bleeding Definitions

Safety Considerations

ANGIOMAX with provisional use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor is indicated for use as an anticoagulant in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and in patients with or at risk for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis syndrome (HIT/HITTS) undergoing PCI. ANGIOMAX is intended for use with aspirin and has been studied only in patients receiving concomitant aspirin. ANGIOMAX is contraindicated in patients with active major bleeding or hypersensitivity to ANGIOMAX or its components. The most common (10%) adverse events for ANGIOMAX were back pain, pain, nausea, headache, and hypotension. An unexplained fall in blood pressure or hematocrit, or any unexplained symptom, should lead to serious consideration of a hemorrhagic event and cessation of ANGIOMAX administration. Please see complete prescribing information.

1Stone GW, McLaurin BT, Cox DA, et al, for the ACUITY Investigators. Bivalirudin for patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med . 2006;355:2203-2216.

2Data on file. The Medicines Company, Parsippany, NJ.

3Supplement to: Stone GW, McLaurin BT, Cox DA, et al, for the ACUITY Investigators. Bivalirudin for patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:2203-2216. Available at: http://content.nejm.org. Accessed December 6, 2006.

4Stone GW, Bertrand M, Colombo A, et al. Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage strategY (ACUITY) trial: study design and rationale. Am Heart J. 2004;148:764-75.

© 2007 The Medicines Company
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